Abatement and Waste Treatment: Summary and Further Reading
There are a number of abatement and waste treatment options available to operators and a number of variables should be taken into consideration including pollutants, local legislation/limits and process conditions. Best Available Techniques should be used to abate any fugitive emissions and waste to landfill should be minimised. If feasible (and if positive benefit is determined from life cycle assessment), recovery and recycling of solvents should be carried out. Precious metals can also be recovered and reformulated, and other catalysts/non-reactives may be recyclable. It is also important to consider the upstream operation and avoid depending on end of pipe solutions. Good route design will minimise reliance on end of pipe solutions and effort should be made to develop processes that have minimal environmental impact.
Recommended reading:
Tradebe solvent recycling (Last accessed: August 2022).
Carbon Footprints of Recycled Solvents (Last accessed: August 2022).
Economic Study of Solvent Recycling and Treatment (Last accessed: August 2022).
T. Welton, Solvents and sustainable chemistry, Proceedings of the Royal Society of London A: Mathematical, Physical and Engineering Sciences, 2015, 471.
D. J. C. Constable, C. Jimenez-Gonzalez and R. K. Henderson, Perspective on Solvent Use in the Pharmaceutical Industry, Org. Process Res. Dev., 2007, 11, 133-137.
C. Hagelüken, Recycling the Platinum Group Metals: A European Perspective, Platinum Met. Rev., 2012, 56, 29-35.
J. H. Clark and S. J. Tavener, Alternative Solvents: Shades of Green, Org. Process Res. Dev., 2007, 11, 149-155.
C. Capello, U. Fischer and K. Hungerbühler, What is a green solvent? A comprehensive framework for the environmental assessment of solvents, Green Chem., 2007, 9, 927-934.
- Route Selection
- GMP
- Introduction to Process Engineering
- Route Selection and Scale Up: Case Study and Exercise
- Process Safety
- Reactive Hazards in Scaling Up: Case Study and Exercise
- Design of Experiments
- Some Definitions
- The Experimental Design Process
- Comparing Traditional Approaches to Experimental Design
- Examples of Variables and Responses for a Chemical Process
- Main Effects and Interactions
- Experimental Designs: Factorial Designs
- Experimental Designs: Response Surface Design
- Design of Experiments: Summary and Further Reading
- Reaction Work-up and Product Isolation
- Environmental Legislation
- Abatement and Waste Treatment