Summary and Further Reading

The products of the chemical industry are everywhere and have led to a significant improvement to our quality of life, although it is essential that these products are manufactured in an environmentally compatible and economically viable way using green and sustainable methodologies. Increased pressure on the chemical and related industries due to increasing demand for chemicals worldwide, depleting resources, stricter legislation and the rising cost of waste disposal is also driving the need for green chemistry solutions. To realise a step-change in the way we manufacture chemical products requires both a change in mindset and an awareness of the principles and practices of green chemistry and sustainability from the beginning of a process.

Recommended reading:

P. T. Anastas and J. C. Warner, Green Chemistry: Theory and Practice, Oxford University Press, 1998.
P. T. Anastas, Green engineering and sustainability, Environ. Sci. Technol., 2003, 37, 423A-423A.
J. H. Clark, Green and Sustainable Chemistry: An Introduction, in Green and Sustainable Medicinal Chemistry: Methods, Tools and Strategies for the 21st Century Pharmaceutical Industry, The Royal Society of Chemistry, 2016, ch. 1, pp. 1-11.
B. Vijayendran-Batelle, Biobased Chemicals: Technology, Economics and Markets (Last accessed: August 16, 2022).
J. Clark, The 12 Misunderstandings of Green Chemistry (Last accessed: August 16, 2022).
Green Chemistry Initiative, University of Toronto: video series on the 12 principles, written by students for students
ACS GCI PR statement of the principles with accompanying commentary from experts in each area
ChemSec’s SIN list

Metrics

D. J. C. Constable, A. D. Curzons and V. L. Cunningham, Metrics to ‘green’ chemistry-which are the best?, Green Chem., 2002, 4, 521-527.
C. Jimenez-Gonzalez, D. J. C. Constable and C. S. Ponder, Evaluating the “Greenness” of chemical processes and products in the pharmaceutical industry-a green metrics primer, Chem. Soc. Rev., 2012, 41, 1485-1498.
R. C. McElroy, A. Constantinou, L. C. Jones, L. Summerton and J. H. Clark, Towards a holistic approach to metrics for the 21st century pharmaceutical industry, Green Chem., 2015, 17, 3111-3121.
J. A. Linthorst, An overview: origins and development of green chemistry, Found. Chem., 2010, 12, 55-68.

Catalysis

A. Hunt, Sustainable Catalysis : With Non-endangered Metals, Parts 1 and 2, Royal Society of Chemistry, 2015.
C. P. R. Anastas, Handbook of Green Chemistry – Green Catalysis, (ed. P. Anastas) Wiley, 2009.
R. Arthur Sheldon, I. W. C. E. Arends and U. Hanefeld, Green Chemistry and Catalysis, Wiley-VCH Verlag GmbH & Co. KGaA, 2007.
Science Aid: Catalysis and Catalysts (Last accessed: August 16, 2022).
J. Clark, Understanding Chemistry – Catalysis Menu (Last accessed: August 16, 2022).

Biocatalysis

S. M. Roberts, N. J. Turner, A. J. Willetts and M. K. Turner, Introduction to Biocatalysis Using Enzymes and Microorganisms, Cambridge University Press, Cambridge, UK, 1995.
J. Whittall and P. W. Sutton, Practical Methods for Biocatalysis and Biotransformations, John Wiley & Sons, Ltd, Chichester, UK, 2009.
J. Whittall and P. W. Sutton, Practical Methods for Biocatalysis and Biotransformations 2, John Wiley & Sons, Ltd, Chichester, UK, 2012.
R. A. Sheldon, Fundamentals of green chemistry: efficiency in reaction design, Chem. Soc. Rev., 2012, 41, 1437-1451.
A. S. Wells, Biocatalysis for Medicinal Chemistry, in Green and Sustainable Medicinal Chemistry: Methods, Tools and Strategies for the 21st Century Pharmaceutical Industry, L. Summerton, H. F. Sneddon, L. C. Jones and J. H. Clark, Royal Society of Chemistry, Cambridge, UK, 2016, ch. 15, pp. 180-191.
C. M. Clouthier and J. N. Pelletier, Expanding the organic toolbox: a guide to integrating biocatalysis in synthesis, Chem. Soc. Rev., 2012, 41, 1585-1605.
G. W. Huisman and S. J. Collier, On the development of new biocatalytic processes for practical pharmaceutical synthesis, Curr. Opin. Chem. Biol., 2013, 17, 284-292.

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